From Demodulation to Decoding: Toward Complete LoRa PHY Understanding and Implementation

LoRa, as a representative of Low Power Wide Area Network technology, has attracted significant attention from both academia and industry. However, the current understanding LoRa is far complete, implementations have large performance gap in SNR packet reception rate. This article presents comprehensive physical layer protocol (PHY) reveals fundamental reasons for gap. We present first full-stack PHY implementation with provable guarantee. enhance demodulation to work under extremely low (-20 dB) analytically validate performance, where many existing works require > 0. derive order parameters decoding operations, including dewhitening, error correction, deinterleaving, so on, by leveraging features manipulation. implement complete real-time on GNU Radio platform conduct extensive experiments. Our method can achieve (1) 100% success rate while methods support at most 66.7%, (2) -142 dBm sensitivity, which limiting sensitivity commodity (3) 3,600-m communication range urban area, even better than same setting.